Intuthuko Entsha Kubuchwepheshe Bokuncibilikisa Izindawo

1. ‌Intuthuko Ekulungiseleleni Izinto Ezihlanzekile Kakhulu‌
Izinto Ezisekelwe Ku-Silicon: Ubumsulwa bamakristalu angawodwa e-silicon budlule i-‌13N (99.9999999999%) kusetshenziswa indlela ye-floating zone (FZ), okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwamadivayisi e-semiconductor anamandla aphezulu (isb., ama-IGBT) nama-chips athuthukile‌45. Lobu buchwepheshe bunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya-mpilo ngenqubo engena-crucible futhi buhlanganisa izindlela ze-silane CVD kanye ne-modified Siemens ukuze kufezwe ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo kwe-polysilicon yezinga lokuncibilika kwe-zone-47.
Izinto ze-Germanium: Ukuhlanzwa kokuncibilika kwendawo okwenziwe ngcono kuphakamise ubumsulwa be-germanium kwaba yi-‌13N‌, ngama-coefficients okusabalalisa ukungcola athuthukisiwe, okwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kuma-optics e-infrared kanye nama-rediation detectors‌23. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-germanium encibilikisiwe nezinto zemishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kusalokhu kuyinselele enkulu‌23.
2. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwinqubo kanye nemishini
Ukulawulwa Kwepharamitha Enamandla: Ukulungiswa kwesivinini sokuhamba kwendawo encibilikayo, amazinga okushisa, kanye nezindawo zegesi ezivikelayo—kuhlanganiswe nokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nezinhlelo zokuphendula ezenzakalelayo—kuthuthukise ukuzinza kwenqubo kanye nokuphindaphindeka ngenkathi kunciphisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-germanium/silicon kanye nemishini27.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Polysilicon: Izindlela ezintsha ezingalinganiswa ze-polysilicon yezinga lokuncibilika kwe-zone zibhekana nezinselele zokulawula okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo ezinqubweni zendabuko, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokukhulisa isivuno47.
3. Ukuhlanganiswa Kobuchwepheshe kanye Nezicelo Ezihlanganisa Izigwegwe
Ukuxutshwa kwe-Melt Crystallization: Amasu okuxutshwa kwe-melt okuncibilikisa amandla aphansi ayahlanganiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlanzwa kwezakhi eziphilayo, kwandiswe ukusetshenziswa kokuncibilikisa indawo ezindaweni zokwelapha kanye namakhemikhali amancane.
Ama-Semiconductors Esizukulwane Sesithathu: Ukuncibilika kwe-zone manje kusetshenziswa ezintweni ze-wide-bandgap njenge-‌silicon carbide (SiC)‌ kanye ne-‌gallium nitride (GaN)‌, okusekela amadivayisi anemvamisa ephezulu kanye namadivayisi anezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe besithando se-single-crystal furnace buvumela ukukhula okuzinzile kwekristalu ye-SiC ngokulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile‌15.
4. Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Ezihlukahlukene
I-Photovoltaics: I-polysilicon yezinga lokuncibilika kwe-zone isetshenziswa kumaseli elanga asebenza kahle kakhulu, ifinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric okungaphezu kwama-26% futhi iqhubekisela phambili intuthuko yamandla avuselelekayo4.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Infrared kanye ne-Detector: I-germanium emsulwa kakhulu ivumela amadivayisi amancane, asebenza kahle kakhulu okuthatha izithombe ze-infrared kanye namadivayisi okubona ebusuku ezimakethe zempi, ezokuphepha, kanye nezomphakathi23.
5. Izinselele Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo
Imikhawulo Yokususa Ukungcola: Izindlela zamanje zilwa nokususa ukungcola kwezinto zokukhanya (isb. i-boron, i-phosphorus), okudinga izinqubo ezintsha zokusebenzisa i-doping noma ubuchwepheshe bokulawula indawo yokuncibilika obuguquguqukayo25.
Ukuqina Kwemishini Nokusebenza Kahle Kwamandla: Ucwaningo lugxile ekwakheni izinto ezibaswayo ezingamelani nokushisa okuphezulu, ezingagqwali kanye nezinhlelo zokushisa ze-radiofrequency ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini. Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa i-vacuum arc (VAR) bubonisa ithemba lokucwengisiswa kwensimbi47.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa i-Zone buqhubekela phambili ekuhlanzekeni okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nokusebenza okubanzi, buqinisa indima yalo njengetshe legumbi kuma-semiconductors, amandla avuselelekayo, kanye nama-optoelectronics