I-Bismuth iyinsimbi esiliva esiliva kuya kopinki eshwabene futhi kulula ukuyichoboza. Izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali azinzile. I-Bismuth ikhona ngokwemvelo ngesimo sensimbi yamahhala namaminerali.
1. [Imvelo]
I-bismuth ehlanzekile iyinsimbi ethambile, kuyilapho i-bismuth engcolile inobuthi. Izinzile ezingeni lokushisa elilingana negumbi. Insimbi yayo eyinhloko yi-bismuthinite (Bi2S5) ne-bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). I-bismuth ewuketshezi iyakhula lapho iqina.
I-brittle futhi ayinawo amandla okusebenza kagesi kanye ne-thermal. I-Bismuth selenide ne-teluride zinezakhiwo ze-semiconductor.
Insimbi ye-Bismuth imhlophe ngesiliva (epinki) ukuze ikhanyise insimbi ecwebezelayo ephuzi, ishwabene futhi kulula ukuyichoboza; ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, i-bismuth ayisabelani nomoya-mpilo noma amanzi futhi izinzile emoyeni. Ine-conductivity engalungile kagesi kanye ne-thermal; i-bismuth ngaphambili yayibhekwa njengesakhi esizinze kakhulu esinesisindo esikhulu se-athomu esihlobene, kodwa ngo-2003, kwatholakala ukuthi i-bismuth inemisebe engenamandla futhi ingabola ibe yi-thallium-205 ngokusebenzisa ukubola kwe-α. Ingxenye yempilo yayo icishe ibe yiminyaka engu-1.9X10^19, okuphindwe izikhathi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1 kunokuphila kwendawo yonke.
2. Isicelo
i-semiconductor
Izingxenye ze-Semiconductor ezenziwe ngokuhlanganisa i-high-purity bismuth ne-tellurium, i-selenium, i-antimony, njll. kanye namakristalu adonsayo asetshenziselwa ama-thermocouples, i-low-temperature thermoelectric power generation kanye ne-thermorefrigeration. Asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-air conditioner namafriji. I-bismuth sulfide yokwenziwa ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-photoresistors kumadivayisi we-photoelectric ukwandisa ukuzwela endaweni ye-spectrum ebonakalayo.
Imboni Yenuzi
I-high-purity bismuth isetshenziswa njengesithwali sokushisa noma isibambisi sezinto ezisabelayo embonini yenuzi nanjengento esetshenziswayo yokuvikela amadivayisi okufission kwe-athomu.
I-Electronic Ceramics
Izinto zobumba zikagesi eziqukethe i-bismuth njengezinhlayiya ze-bismuth germanate ziwuhlobo olusha lwezinhlayiya ezicwebezelayo ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezihlola imisebe yenuzi , izikena ze-X-ray tomography , i-electro-optics, amalaser e-piezoelectric namanye amathuluzi; i-bismuth calcium vanadium (ipomegranate ferrite iyisici esibalulekile se-microwave gyromagnetic kanye ne-magnetic cladding material), i-bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors , ungqimba oluqukethe i-bismuth oluqukethe i-bismuth capacitor ceramic high-frequency ceramic , tin-bismuth permanent magnets, bismuth titanate powder amakristalu e-silicate, ingilazi ye-fusible equkethe i-bismuth nezinye izinto ezingaphezu kwe-10 nazo seziqalile ukusetshenziswa embonini.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
Izinhlanganisela ze-Bismuth zinemiphumela ye-astringency, i-antidiarrhea, nokwelashwa kwe-dyspepsia yamathumbu. I-Bismuth subcarbonate, i-bismuth subnitrate, ne-potassium bismuth subrubberate isetshenziselwa ukwenza imithi yesisu. Umphumela we-astringent wezidakamizwa ze-bismuth usetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni ukwelapha ukuhlukumezeka nokumisa ukopha. Ku-radiotherapy, ama-alloys asekelwe ku-bismuth asetshenziswa esikhundleni se-aluminium ukuze kwenziwe amapuleti okuvikela eziguli ukuze kuvinjelwe ezinye izingxenye zomzimba ukuthi zingachayeka emisebeni. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa ze-bismuth, kutholakale ukuthi ezinye izidakamizwa ze-bismuth zinemiphumela yokulwa nomdlavuza.
Izithasiselo ze-Metallurgical
Ukwengeza amanani omkhondo we-bismuth ensimbi kungathuthukisa izici zokucubungula zensimbi, futhi ukwengeza amanani omkhondo we-bismuth kunsimbi egayiwe ethambile kungayenza ibe nezakhiwo ezifana nalezo zensimbi engagqwali.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-14-2024